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Advanced Chemistry and Molecular Science


 Advanced laboratory experiments challenge students to explore complex chemical and molecular phenomena through rigorous, research‑based activities.

 Description : In this advanced chemistry course, students conduct rigorous laboratory experiments that explore molecular interactions, chemical bonds, and reaction mechanisms. Critical analysis and research projects encourage a deep understanding of complex chemical phenomena.

Category : Science
Age : 12+
Difficulty Level : Normal

 Curriculum :
          Module 1: Foundations of Chemistry

Section 1: Scientific Methods and Measurement
- Lesson 1: Introduction to the Scientific Method
  - Module 1, Section 1, Lesson 1: What is the Scientific Method?
- Lesson 2: Measurement and Units in Chemistry
  - Module 1, Section 1, Lesson 2: Understanding Units and Conversions

Section 2: Matter and Its Properties
- Lesson 1: Defining Matter: Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures
  - Module 1, Section 2, Lesson 1: Basic Classifications of Matter
- Lesson 2: States of Matter and Physical Properties
  - Module 1, Section 2, Lesson 2: Solids, Liquids, Gases, and Phase Changes

Section 3: Introduction to Atomic Theory
- Lesson 1: Historical Development of Atomic Theory
  - Module 1, Section 3, Lesson 1: Early Ideas and Discoveries
- Lesson 2: Fundamental Concepts of Atomic Structure
  - Module 1, Section 3, Lesson 2: Atoms as the Building Blocks

Section 4: Chemical Nomenclature and Formulas
- Lesson 1: Writing Chemical Formulas and Naming Compounds
  - Module 1, Section 4, Lesson 1: Rules for Chemical Nomenclature
- Lesson 2: Introduction to Chemical Equations
  - Module 1, Section 4, Lesson 2: Balancing Simple Reactions

Section 5: Introduction to Laboratory Safety and Techniques
- Lesson 1: Basics of Laboratory Safety
  - Module 1, Section 5, Lesson 1: Understanding Safety Protocols
- Lesson 2: Essential Laboratory Equipment and Usage
  - Module 1, Section 5, Lesson 2: Proper Handling of Lab Tools


Module 2: Atomic Structure and Periodicity

Section 1: Subatomic Particles and Models
- Lesson 1: Discovering Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons
  - Module 2, Section 1, Lesson 1: Introduction to Subatomic Particles
- Lesson 2: Models of the Atom: From Dalton to Bohr
  - Module 2, Section 1, Lesson 2: Comparing Atomic Models

Section 2: Electron Configurations
- Lesson 1: Understanding Electron Shells and Energy Levels
  - Module 2, Section 2, Lesson 1: Basic Structure of Electron Arrangements
- Lesson 2: Writing Electron Configurations for Simple Atoms
  - Module 2, Section 2, Lesson 2: Practice with Periodic Table Elements

Section 3: The Periodic Table and Its Trends
- Lesson 1: Structure and Organization of the Periodic Table
  - Module 2, Section 3, Lesson 1: Layout and Periodic Trends
- Lesson 2: Trends in Atomic Radius, Ionization Energy, and Electronegativity
  - Module 2, Section 3, Lesson 2: How Periodicity Influences Chemical Behavior

Section 4: Elements Classification and Reactivity
- Lesson 1: Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids
  - Module 2, Section 4, Lesson 1: Identifying Element Types
- Lesson 2: Periodic Trends and Element Reactivity
  - Module 2, Section 4, Lesson 2: Fundamental Patterns in Element Behavior

Section 5: Isotopes and Atomic Mass
- Lesson 1: Understanding Isotopes and Their Significance
  - Module 2, Section 5, Lesson 1: What Are Isotopes?
- Lesson 2: Calculating Average Atomic Mass
  - Module 2, Section 5, Lesson 2: Weighted Averages in Atomic Mass Determination


Module 3: Molecular Bonding and Structure

Section 1: Ionic and Covalent Bonds
- Lesson 1: Fundamentals of Ionic Bonding
  - Module 3, Section 1, Lesson 1: How Ions Form and Interact
- Lesson 2: Fundamentals of Covalent Bonding
  - Module 3, Section 1, Lesson 2: Sharing Electrons in Atoms

Section 2: Molecular Geometry
- Lesson 1: Introduction to VSEPR Theory
  - Module 3, Section 2, Lesson 1: Predicting Molecular Shapes
- Lesson 2: Determining Molecular Shapes from Bond Angles
  - Module 3, Section 2, Lesson 2: Practical Applications of VSEPR

Section 3: Intermolecular Forces
- Lesson 1: Overview of Intermolecular Attractions
  - Module 3, Section 3, Lesson 1: Types and Importance of Intermolecular Forces
- Lesson 2: Comparing Strengths of Hydrogen Bonds, Dipole Interactions, and Dispersion Forces
  - Module 3, Section 3, Lesson 2: Fundamental Interactions between Molecules

Section 4: Polarity and Molecular Interactions
- Lesson 1: Identifying Polar and Nonpolar Molecules
  - Module 3, Section 4, Lesson 1: Role of Electronegativity and Molecular Shape
- Lesson 2: Effects of Polarity on Physical Properties
  - Module 3, Section 4, Lesson 2: Solubility and Melting/Boiling Points

Section 5: Hybridization and Orbital Overlap
- Lesson 1: Basics of Orbital Hybridization
  - Module 3, Section 5, Lesson 1: Recognizing sp, sp2, and sp3 Hybrids
- Lesson 2: Linking Hybridization to Molecular Structure
  - Module 3, Section 5, Lesson 2: How Orbital Overlap Determines Geometry


Module 4: Chemical Reactions and Equilibrium

Section 1: Types of Chemical Reactions
- Lesson 1: Overview of Reaction Types (Synthesis, Decomposition, etc.)
  - Module 4, Section 1, Lesson 1: Identifying Reaction Patterns
- Lesson 2: Recognizing and Writing Basic Reaction Equations
  - Module 4, Section 1, Lesson 2: Formulating Chemical Reactions

Section 2: Stoichiometry Basics
- Lesson 1: Introduction to Moles and Molar Mass
  - Module 4, Section 2, Lesson 1: Essential Stoichiometric Concepts
- Lesson 2: Using Stoichiometry to Balance Chemical Equations
  - Module 4, Section 2, Lesson 2: Step-by-Step Equation Balancing

Section 3: Reaction Rates and Catalysis
- Lesson 1: Factors Affecting Reaction Rates
  - Module 4, Section 3, Lesson 1: Understanding Rate Influencers
- Lesson 2: The Role of Catalysts in Chemical Reactions
  - Module 4, Section 3, Lesson 2: How Catalysts Change Reaction Dynamics

Section 4: Chemical Equilibrium Fundamentals
- Lesson 1: Introduction to Chemical Equilibrium Concepts
  - Module 4, Section 4, Lesson 1: Dynamic Balance in Reactions
- Lesson 2: Le Chatelier’s Principle and Its Applications
  - Module 4, Section 4, Lesson 2: Predicting Shifts in Equilibrium

Section 5: Acids, Bases, and pH
- Lesson 1: Basic Properties of Acids and Bases
  - Module 4, Section 5, Lesson 1: Defining Acidity and Basicity
- Lesson 2: Introduction to the pH Scale and Its Applications
  - Module 4, Section 5, Lesson 2: Measuring and Interpreting pH Values


Module 5: Laboratory Techniques and Molecular Analysis

Section 1: Laboratory Safety and Equipment
- Lesson 1: Essential Safety Procedures in the Lab
  - Module 5, Section 1, Lesson 1: Safety Guidelines for Experiments
- Lesson 2: Introduction to Common Laboratory Equipment
  - Module 5, Section 1, Lesson 2: Functions and Proper Usage of Lab Tools

Section 2: Experimental Design and Data Analysis
- Lesson 1: Principles of Designing a Chemistry Experiment
  - Module 5, Section 2, Lesson 1: Planning and Hypothesis Formation
- Lesson 2: Basic Techniques in Data Collection and Analysis
  - Module 5, Section 2, Lesson 2: Recording and Interpreting Experimental Data

Section 3: Chromatography and Spectroscopy Basics
- Lesson 1: Introduction to Chromatography Techniques
  - Module 5, Section 3, Lesson 1: Separating Mixtures Using Chromatography
- Lesson 2: Fundamentals of Spectroscopy in Molecular Analysis
  - Module 5, Section 3, Lesson 2: Using Light to Understand Molecules

Section 4: Quantitative Analysis Methods
- Lesson 1: Titration Techniques for Concentration Determination
  - Module 5, Section 4, Lesson 1: Learning the Titration Process
- Lesson 2: Gravimetric Analysis and Its Applications
  - Module 5, Section 4, Lesson 2: Measuring Substance Composition by Mass

Section 5: Introduction to Molecular Modeling
- Lesson 1: Basics of Molecular Modeling Software
  - Module 5, Section 5, Lesson 1: Visualizing Molecular Structures Digitally
- Lesson 2: Applying Molecular Models to Predict Chemical Behavior
  - Module 5, Section 5, Lesson 2: Linking Models with Experimental Results